Copyright © 2006 Rithmware Technologies Inc. All rights reserved.

 

User Manual

 

Material Model

 

       Current material model supports two types of materials. One is generic material type and the other is generic food type.

 

Generic Material Type

 

       For a generic material type you don’t need to know the composition of the material. The absolute dry material is treated as one whole substance.

       For drying related balance simulation you only need to provide the specific heat of the absolute dry material. The specific heat of the material with moisture content is a weighted average of the absolute dry material and the moisture

                                                                                  (1)

Where CWetMat, CDryMat,  CMoisture represent specific heats of wet material, absolute dry material, and moisture liquid respectively and w stands for the moisture content of the material.

       When evaporation related balance simulation is involved you need to provide the duhring lines of the material solution to account for boiling point rise in addition to the specific heat of the absolute dry material. It needs to be noted that Equation 1 is also used to calculate of the specific heat of material solution in evaporation related balance calculation.

 

Generic Food Type

 

       For a generic food material you need to know the basic compositions of the material. There are 5 basic components to constitute a generic food material in addition to its moisture. The 5 basic components are Carbohydrate, Ash, Fiber, Fat and Protein.

       For drying related balance simulation you need to provide the mass fraction for each of the 5 basic components.

       The specific heat of a generic food material without moisute content is a wieghted average of each of the 5 basic components. The specific heat as a function of temperature for each of the 5 basic components is listed in Table 1 (Unit Operations in Food Engineering, Chapter 11--Thermal Properties of Food).

 

Carbohydrate

Ash

Fiber

Fat

Protein

 

Table 1 Specific Heat of Generic Food Components

 

       Please note that the unit of temperature T 1 is oC and the that of Cp is kJ/kg. oC in Table 1.

       The specific heat of a generic food material with moisute is a weigted average of absolute dry food material and the moisture, which can be calculated by Eauqation 1.

       For evaporation related balance simulation you need to provide the duhring lines of the material solution to account for the boling point rise.

 

Start ProcesSimO

 

When you start the ProcesSimO the first time, a new flowsheet needs to be created. You will be prompted first to add a new material in the material database. After the new material is created and added into the material database you will be prompted to choose a material in the material database for the new flowsheet.

 

 

Figure 1 Empty Flowsheet

 

After the new flowsheet is created you will see the window as displayed in Figure 1. We call the white space in this window a flowsheet.  You can build a flowsheet with the streams and unit operations in the Toolbox.

 

Create New Materials

 

       Materials can be created independent of any flowsheet. That is to say, both before and after you create a flowsheet you can go to the material database to create a material that you want to model and add it to the material database. You can use the newly created material at any time when you create a new flowsheet.

       To create a new material, you need to go to Materials | Drying Materials to bring up the Drying Material dialog (Figure 2).

 

 

Figure 2 Drying Material Dialog

 

 

       You can create a new material by clicking the “Add” button to bring up the New Drying Material dialog (Figure 3). In the New Drying Material Dialog you can edit the material’s name and the material type.

       If Generic Material type is chosen, the specific heat of the absolute dry material needs to be specified for the material. If Generic Food type is chosen you need to specify the fraction for each basic component (Carbohydrate, Ash, Fiber, Fat and Protein) of the food.

       If the new drying material is also related to evaporation simulation you need to specify the Duhring lines of the material solution to account for boiling point rise. You need to click the “Duhring Lines” button to bring up the “Dyhring Lines” dialog to specify the lines as data points.

 

Figure 3 New Drying Material Dialog

 

       Whenever a new flowsheet is created, a material needs to be specified for the flowsheet at first. After the flowsheet is created with the specified material you can not switch to another material. However, you can modify the material (say, the specific heat of absolute dry material and the duhring lines) and the established flowsheet will be recalculated and updated after you finalize the modification.

 

Create a Stream

 

You can create a stream (either a gas stream or a solid material stream or a liquid material stream) by pressing down (clicking) the corresponding button of the stream (take the gas stream  for example) in the toolbox and then clicking at wherever you want the stream to be located on the flowsheet. You can double click on the stream to bring up its editor. Then you can specify the variables of the stream to get it solved.

Still take the gas stream for example. You can specify the Pressure, one Temperature (either the Dry-bulb Temperature or the Wet-bulb Temperature or the Dew Point temperature) and one Humidity (either the Absolute Humidity or the Relative Humidity). ProcesSimO will automatically calculate all the other variables of the stream and update the editor with the calculated results. You can then specify a flow rate (either the Mass Flow Rate (wet base) or the Mass Flow Rate (dry base) or the Volume Flow Rate). ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the rest of the flow rates and update the editor with the calculated results (see Figure 4).

 

 

 

Figure 4 Gas Stream

Create a Unit Operation

 

You can create a unit operation by pressing down (clicking) the button of the corresponding unit operation (take the solid dryer  for example) in the toolbox and then clicking at wherever you want the unit operation to be located on the flowsheet. You can double click the unit operation to bring up its editor. Then you can specify the variables of the dryer to get it solved.

Still take the solid dryer for example. You can specify the Mass Flow Rate (wet base), the Temperature and one Moisture Content (either the wet base or the dry base) of the input material stream, the Temperature and one Moisture Content (either the wet base or the dry base) of the output material stream, plus some variables of the gas input and output such as the Mass Flow Rate (wet base), the Pressure, the Dry-bulb Temperature, the Absolute Humidity of the input gas stream and the Gas Pressure Drop of the dryer. ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the Dry-bulb Temperature and Absolute Humidity of the gas output stream and get both the gas output stream and the dryer solved (See Figure 5).

 

 

Figure 5 Solid Dryer

 

Connect Two Unit Operations

 

Take a heater and a solid dryer for example. Create a heater first and then delete the output stream of the heater. Then create a dryer. Press down the “Connect ()” button in the toolbar. Click on the gas input stream of the dryer and then click at the middle of the right border (the connection port) of the heater. You will get the heater and the dryer connected. You can also connect the heater and the dryer by clicking at the heater’s connection port first and then clicking on the gas input stream of the dryer.

You can specify the variables of the heater and the dryer through their individual editors to get them solved. You can also bring up the Flowsheet Data Editor (menu Edit | Flowsheet Data) to specify the variables of the heater and dryer to get them solved. Figure 6 shows an example of a combined heater and dryer.

 

 

Figure 6 Combined Heater and Dryer

Toolbox Buttons

 

 Gas Stream

 

This is the gas stream. In a gas stream you can specify the Pressure, one Temperature (either the Dry bulb Temperature or the Wet-bulb Temperature or the Dew Point temperature) and one Humidity (either the Absolute Humidity or the Relative Humidity).  ProcesSimO will automatically calculate all the other variables of the stream and update the stream’s editor with the calculated results. You can also specify one flow rate (either the Mass Flow Rate (wet base) or the Mass Flow Rate (dry base) or the Volume Flow Rate). ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the rest of the flow rates and update the editor with the calculated results (See Figure 4).

 

 Solid Material Stream

 

This is the solid material stream. If you can specify one Moisture Content (either the dry base the wet base).  ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the other Moisture Content and update the stream’s editor with the calculated result. You can also specify one Mass Flow Rate (either the wet base or the dry base). ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the other Mass Flow Rate. If one mass flow rate, one moisture content and the Density of the solid material are specified, the Volume Flow Rate of the material stream is automatically calculated.

 

 Liquid Material Stream

 

This is the liquid material stream. You can specify the Pressure, either the Temperature or the Vapor Fraction, and either the Mass Concentration or one Moisture Content of the material stream. ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the rest of the variables and update the editor with the calculated results.

 

 Solid Dryer

 

This is the solid dryer button. You can specify the Mass Flow Rate (wet base), the Temperature and one Moisture Content (either the wet base or the dry base) of the material input stream, the Temperature and one Moisture Content (either the wet base or the dry base) of the material output, some variables of the gas input and output such as the Mass Flow Rate (wet base), the Pressure, the Dry-bulb Temperature, the Absolute Humidity of the gas input stream and the Gas Pressure Drop of the dryer. ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the Dry-bulb Temperature and Absolute Humidity of the gas output stream and get both the gas output stream and the dryer solved.

You can also specify the dryer’s Heat Loss, Heat Input, Work Input, Heat Loss by Transport Devise and the Dust Entrained in Gas/Material Total (the ratio of dust entrained in gas output stream to the total material flow rate). The dryer will take the specified values into account and do the balance calculation.

After the dryer’s balance calculation is finalized you can calculate the dimensions of the dryer by the dryer’s scoping model. In the dryer’s scoping model you can choose the dryer’s cross section type which is either a Circle or a Rectangle, the Gas Velocity and the Length/Diameter Ratio in the case of a Circular cross section dryer. ProcesSimO will automatically calculate the dryer’s Diameter and Length and update the scoping editor with the calculated results.

 

 Liquid Dryer

 

This is the liquid dryer. The only difference between a liquid dryer and a solid dryer is the material input. Liquid dryer has a liquid material stream as material input in stead of a solid material stream in the solid dryer.

You can perform similar specifications for a liquid dryer to get it solved as for the solid dryer.

 

 Fan/Blower

 

This is the Fan/Blower. You can specify the necessary variables of the gas input stream to get the input stream solved. Then you can specify the Static Pressure of Fan/Blower to get the output stream solved.

After you get both the input and output streams solved you can specify the Efficiency of the fan to get the Power Input solved if you choose not to Include Outlet Diameter Effect (a check box). If you choose to Include Outlet Diameter Effect, you need also to specify the Outlet Cross Section Type (either a Circle or a Rectangle) and the outlet diameter in the case of a circular cross section type to get the Power Input solved.

 

 Compressor

 

This is the compressor. You can specify the necessary variables of the gas input stream to get the input stream solved. Then you can specify the Pressure Ratio and the Compression Process (either isothermal, or Adiabatic or Polytropic) to get the output stream and the Power Input solved if the specified Compression Process is Isothermal. If the specified Compression Process is Adiabatic you have to specify the Adiabatic Exponent to get the Power Input solved. If the specified Compression Process is Polytropic you need to specify the Polytropic Exponent to get the Power Input solved. If you have both the adiabatic and polytropic exponents specified you can get adiabatic and polytropic efficiencies solved.

 

 Pump

 

This is the pump button. You can specify the necessary variables of the material input stream to get the input stream solved. Then you can specify the output Pressure to get the output stream solved. If you continue to specify the Static Suction Head, Suction Friction Head, Static Discharge Head, Discharge Friction Head, the Total Dynamic Head will be solved.

Continue to specify the Efficiency of the pump you can get the Power Input solved if you choose not to Include Outlet Diameter Effect (a check box). If you choose to Include Outlet Diameter Effect, you need to specify the Outlet Cross Section Type (either a Circle or a Rectangle) and the outlet diameter in the case of a circular cross section type to get the Power Input solved.

 

 Valve

 

This is the valve. You can specify the necessary variables of the input stream to get the input stream solved. If then you specify the Pressure Drop, the Pressure of the output stream will be calculated and the whole output stream is solved.

The default input/output stream type of a valve is liquid material stream. You can create a valve with either liquid material steams or gas streams as the input/output. However, the input and output stream types of a valve must be the same.

To create a valve with gas stream you need to go to Flowsheet | Options menu to bring up the Flowsheet Options dialog and select the Gas radio button in the Input Stream Type of the Valve.

 

 Steam Jet Ejector

 

This is the steam jet ejector. You can specify the Mass Flow Rate (wet base) of the motive inlet stream and the Entrainment Ratio to get the Mass Flow Rate (wet base) of the suction inlet and that of the discharge outlet solved.

You can specify the Pressures of the motive inlet and the suction inlet as well as the Compression Ratio to get the Pressure of the discharge outlet solved.

The Concentration of the motive input stream should always be specified as 0. The suction input stream generally comes as secondary steam from a vapor-liquid separator.

The calculated Vapor Fraction of the discharge outlet should be equal to 1.0. If it is less than 1.0 you should either increase the pressure or decrease the Compression Ratio to make it calculated as 1.0.

 

 Cyclone

 

This is the cyclone. You can specify the necessary variables in the gas input stream to the input stream solved. Continue to specify the Gas Pressure Drop you can get the output stream solved. 

After the gas input and output streams solved, if you specify the Collection Efficiency and the Inlet Particle Loading you can get the Outlet Particle Loading, Particle Collection Rate and Particle Loss to Gas Outlet solved.

 

 Bag Filter

 

This is the bag. You can specify the necessary variables in the input stream to get the input stream solved. Continue to specify the Gas Pressure Drop you can get the output stream solved. 

If you continue to specify the Collection Efficiency and the Inlet Particle Loading you can get the Outlet Particle Loading, Particle Collection Rate and Particle Loss to Gas Outlet solved.

If you have the input Volume Flow Rate value and then specify the Filtration Velocity (defined as superficial gas velocity through filter or average gas-to-cloth-ratio, m3/s/m2) you can get the Total Filtering Area solved. Then if you specify the Bag Diameter and Bag Length you can get the Number of Bags solved.

 

 Air Filter

 

This is the air filter. You can specify the necessary variables in the input stream to the stream solved. Continue to specify the Gas Pressure Drop you can get the output stream solved. 

If you continue to specify the Collection Efficiency and the Inlet Particle Loading you can get the Outlet Particle Loading, Particle Collection Rate and Particle Loss to Gas Outlet solved.

If you get the input Volume Flow Rate solved and then specify the Filtration Velocity (defined as superficial gas velocity through filter or average gas-to-cloth-ratio, m3/s/m2) you can get the Total Filtering Area solved.

 

 Electro-Static Precipitator

 

This is the electro-static precipitator. You can specify the necessary variables in the input stream to the stream solved. Continue to specify the Gas Pressure Drop you can get the output stream solved. 

If you specify the Collection Efficiency and the Inlet Particle Loading you can get the Outlet Particle Loading, Particle Collection Rate and Particle Loss to Gas Outlet solved.

If you get the input Volume Flow Rate solved and then specify the Drift Velocity you can get the Total Surface Area solved.

 

 Wet Scrubber

 

This is the wet scrubber. You can specify the necessary variables of the gas input stream to get gas input stream solved. Then you need to specify the necessary variables of the liquid input stream to get the liquid input stream solved. You can specify the Gas Pressure Drop to get the gas output Pressure solved. Then you can specify the Collection Efficiency, Inlet Particle Loading and the Pressure of the outlet liquid stream to get the wet scrubber solved.

 

 Scrubber Condenser

 

This is the scrubber condenser. You can specify the necessary variables of the gas input stream to get the gas input stream solved. You can specify the Gas Pressure Drop to get the gas output Pressure solved. You can specify the Collection Efficiency, Inlet Particle Loading, the Pressure and Temperature of the outlet liquid stream to get the wet scrubber solved. You can specify the Liquid Gas Ratio to get the Liquid Recirculation and Volume Flow rate solved.

 

 Heater

 

This is the heater. You can specify the necessary variables of the input stream to get the input stream solved. You can then specify the Dry-bulb Temperature of the output stream and the Pressure Drop of the Heater to get the output stream and the Heating Duty solved. You can also specify the Heating Duty in stead of the Dry-bulb Temperature of the output stream to get the latter calculated.

You can create a heater with Liquid Material streams as input and output. To do so, you need to go to Flowsheet | Options to choose Material radio button in the Input Stream Type of the Heater.

 

 Cooler

 

This is the cooler. The functionality of the cooler is the same as the heater except that the cooler has a Cooling Duty in stead of Heating Duty in the heater.

 

 Heat Exchanger

 

This is the heat exchanger. You can specify cold side inlet Pressure, and Cold Side Pressure Drop to get the cold side outlet Pressure solved. You can do the same for the hot side pressure balance.

You can specify cold side and hot side mass flow rates, three Temperatures and Mass Concentrations among the cold input, cold output, hot input and hot output streams. To get the heat exchanger solved.

You can specify cold side input and output Vapor Fractions, one Temperature of the hot side, and Mass Concentrations of the cold and hot side to get the heat exchanger solved.

 

 Tee

 

This is the tee. You can split one input stream into multiple output streams. The default number of output streams of a tee is two. You can attach as many streams as you want in the output.

You can specify the variables in the input stream and the fractions of the output streams to get the tee solved.

The default input/output stream type of a tee is gas. You can create a tee with either gas streams or solid material streams or liquid material steams as its input/outputs. However, the input and output stream types of a tee must be the same.

 

 Mixer

 

This is the mixer. You mix multiple input streams into one output stream. The default number of input streams is two. You can attach as many input streams as you want in the input.

The default input/output stream type of the mixer is gas. You can create a mixer with either gas streams or solid material streams or liquid material steams as its inputs/output. However, the input and output stream types of a mixer must be the same.

 

 Vapor-Liquid Separator

 

This is the vapor-liquid separator. The input and output stream of the separator must be liquid material stream. The input stream of the vapor-liquid separator must be a mixture of vapor and liquid. You can specify the Vapor Fraction and Pressure of the input stream and the Pressure of either the vapor outlet or liquid outlet to get the separator solved.

 

 Recycle

 

This is the recycle. If you want to recycle a portion of the exhaust gas you can split the exhaust gas into two streams using a tee. Then attach the recycled stream to the inlet (the left side) of the recycle (). Create another stream and attach it to the outlet of the recycle and then mix the outlet from the outlet of the recycle with the fresh gas in a mixer. Following is an example of recycled gas stream.

 

Figure 7 Recycle

 

       You can also use the recycle to recycle a material stream in a similar was. For details please read the Tutorial.

 

Toolbar Buttons

 

 (File | New)

 

This is the “New Flowsheet” button. You can click this button to create a new flowsheet. Before creating a new flowsheet you should go to Materials | New Flowsheet Settings to select a predefined material and a predefined gas (gas currently is not selectable) for the to-be-created new floowsheet. After a new flowsheet is created you can model any processes composed of the unit operations available in this application.

 

 (File | Open)

 

This is the “Open Flowsheet” button. You can click this button to open a saved flowsheet in a file. When this button is clicked, an open file dialog will be brought up and you can select any saved flowsheet file (FineName.prosimo) and open it. After the file is open you can continue working on your modeled process by either adding or removing unit operations. You can also change whatever specified variable values to let ProcesSimO recalculate the process. You can save the changed process either in the same file or in another file by giving a different file name.

 

 (File | Save)

 

This is the “Save Flowsheet” button. You can save any finished or unfinished flowsheet in a file by clicking this button. When this button is clicked a save file dialog is brought up and you can type in a name and save the flowsheet as a file (with extension “prosimo”).

 

 (File | Close)

 

This is the “Close Flowsheet” button. You can close current flowsheet by clicking this button. If current flowsheet has changes that are not saved yet, you will be prompted to save.

 

 (File | Print Preview)

 

This is the “Print Preview” button. You can preview the snapshot of the flowsheet before you print it by clicking this button.

 

 (File | Print)

 

This is the “Print” button. You can print the snapshot of the flowsheet by clicking this button.

 

 (Edit | Application Preferences’ Unit Systems Tab)

 

This is the “Unit System Editor” button. Clicking this button will bring up a dialog where you can select a predefined set of units or you can define a named set of units by clicking “Add” and then “Edit” button in the dialog. You can select whatever unit you like for each physical quantity and define the unit set.

Whenever you want to change the units of the variables in the whole application you can select a predefined unit system and set it as current unit system by clicking “Set Current” button. After a new unit system is set to current all variables currently displayed in any opened editor will be immediately transformed to the new units and new values according tothe new unit system.

Whenever you want to create your own unit system you can first duplicate a unit system by selecting an existing unit system in the left list box on this tab and then click “Duplicate” button. A newly duplicated unit system will be added to the list box. Select the newly duplicated unit system and click “Edit” button, the Edit Unit System dialog will be brought up. In this dialog you can edit you unit system’s name and each quantity’s unit.

 

 (Edit | Application Preferences’ Numeric Format Tab)

 

This is the “Numeric Format” button. Clicking this button will bring up the Numeric Format editor where you can change the numeric format of the displayed variable values. You can either choose “Fixed Point” or “Scientific” format. You can also choose the Decimal Places for the numeric format you choose. After a new format is selected all variables currently displayed on any open editors will be redisplayed according to the format you choose.

 

 (Edit | Flowsheet Data)

 

This is the “Flowsheet Data Editor” button. Clicking this button will bring up the flowsheet data editor that includes the data tables of all streams and unit operations on the flowhseet. You can specify variables in the Flowsheet Data Editor. When all the necessary variables are specified and solving condition is met, ProcesSimO will automatically solve the process and update the editor with the calculated results.

Flowsheet Data Editor is generally used after a flowsheet has been fully established to study the effects of some variables on some other variables for different design and operating conditions, e.g. the effects of different inlet temperature or humidity value on a whole process.

You can customize the Flowsheet Data Editor to include/exclude any streams and unit operations in the editor. To customize the Flowsheet Data Editor you need to go to “Customize…” menu on the top of the Flowsheet Data Editor to bring up the “Customize Flowsheet Data” dialog to check/uncheck the streams and unit operations you want to include/exclude.

 

 (Edit | Selected Flwosheet Data)

 

This is the “Selected Flowsheet Data Editor” button. Clicking this button will bring up the Selected Flowsheet Data Editor. You can customize the editor to include/exclude any variables of the stream and unit operations on the flowsheet.

This editor is generally used after a flowsheet has been fully established to study the effects of some variables on some other variables for different design and operating conditions. 

You can specify the variables in this editor. When all the necessary variables are specified and solving condition is met, the ProcesSimO will automatically solve the flowsheet and update this editor with calculated results.

To study the effects of some specified variables on some other calculated variables you can use the Flowsheet Data Editor if the flowsheet that you are modelling is not so large. In the case of a very large flowhseet, the Flowsheet Data Editor may contain too many variables. In this case you can use the Selected Flowsheet Data Editor in stead.

 

 (Edit | Delete)

 

This is the “Delete” button. Select a unit (either a stream or a unit operation) or make a multiple selection and hit this button. The selected stream(s) and/or unit operation(s) will be deleted from the flowsheet.

You can do a multiple selection either by pressing down the left mouse button and drag the mouse to select an area on the flowsheet. Any unit operations and streams in the selected area are selected. You can also hold down either the “Shift” or “Ctrl” key and then click on unit operations and streams you want to select to perform a multiple selection.

 

 (View | Toolbox)

 

This is the “Toolbox” toggle button. Clicking this button will bring up the Toolbox that includes the stream and unit operation buttons. Press down (by clicking) any button in this Toolbox and then move the mouse to a spot on the flowhseet and do another click will create a stream or a unit operation depending on whatever you clicked in the Toolbox. You can also add a stream or a unit operation by clicking “Flowsheet | Add | Unit Operations, Streams…”

 

 (Flowsheet | Connect)

 

This is the “Connect” toggle button. Press down (click) this button, then click on a stream, then click on a connection port (such as middle of the left or the right border of the unit operation icon) of a unit operation will connect the stream to the unit operation. Of course if the connection port of the unit operation has already got a stream connected you are not allowed to make another connection to the same port. 

 

 (Flowsheet | Disconnect)

 

This is the “Disconnect” toggle button. Pressing down this button and then clicking on a connection line between a stream and a unit operation disconnect the stream from the unit operation.

 

 (Flowsheet | Rotate Stream | Clockwise)

 

This is the “Clockwise Rotation” button. Selecting a stream and clicking this button will rotate the stream 90 degree clockwise. Please note that you cannot rotate a unit operation.

 

 (Flowsheet | Rotate Stream | Counterclockwise)

 

This is the “Counterclockwise Rotation” button. Selecting a stream and clicking this button will rotate the stream 90 degree counterclockwise.

 

 (Flowsheet | Snapshot | Flowsheet)

 

This is the “Snapshot Flowsheet” button. Clicking this button will bring up a dialog to save the flowsheet as either a JPEG, or a BMP, or a GIF, or a PNG or a TIFF file.

 

 (Flowsheet | Snapshot | Selection)

 

This is the “Snapshot Selection” button. After clicking this button you can press down the mouse and drag it on the flowsheet to select an area that can be saved as an image. After making the selection (by releasing the mouse) a dialog will pop-up asking you to save the selection as either a JPEG, or a BMP, or a GIF, or a PNG or a TIFF file.

 

 (Flowsheet | Options)

 

 

This is the “Flowsheet Options” button. Clicking this button will bring up the Flowsheet Options dialog. From this dialog you can choose to include either all input and output streams or only input stream or only output stream when creating a unit operation. Figure 8 following figure shows the three different options when a fan is created on the flowsheet.

 

Figure 8 Flowsheet Options

 

On Flowsheet Options dialog you can also choose the input stream type of each (cold or hot) side of the heat exchanger, the valve, the heater, the cooler, the tee and the mixer.

 

 (Utilities | Humidity Chart)

 

This is the “Humidity Chart” button. Clicking this button will bring up the humidity chart.

On the humidity chart utility you can select either “Gas State” or “Isenthalpic Process” radio button to study either the state of a moist gas or the isenthalpic process of a dryer. You also need to specify the Pressure of the humidity chart before your study.

Selecting “Gas State” button will bring up a drying gas state variable table. You can specify one temperature and one humidity to get the rest of the variables calculated automatically and the state of the gas will be shown on the humidity chart. You can also drag the state icon  in the chart to anywhere you like and the data table will be updated according to the position of the state icon.

Selecting “Isenthalpic Process” button will bring up a table that contains two states of a drying gas, one for the start state, the other for the end state of an isenthalpic saturation process. In this table you can specify two Temperatures (one for the start state and the other for the end state) and one Humidities (either for the start state or for the end state) or two Humidities (one for the start state and the other for the end state) and one Temperature (either for the start state or for the end state). Then the rest of the variables in the table will be calculated automatically and the process will be shown on the humidity chart. You can also drag the process line (a line connected with the two states’ icons ) in the chart to anywhere you like and then the data table will be updated according to the position of the process line.

 

 (Utilities | Unit Converter)

 

This is the “Unit Converter” button. Clicking this button will bring up the unit converter where you can do unit conversions for any chemical quantities available in this software package.

 

 (Help | User’s Manual)

 

This is the User’s Manual button. Clicking this button will bring up the user’s manual.